Es periodista y también el nieto de Arturo Illia, a quien no conoció en vida pero del que no se cansa de hablar con un orgullo que le infla el pecho. En un nuevo aniversario del golpe cívico-militar que sacó a su abuelo de la Casa Rosada, Leandro dialogó con Telam sobre el legado familiar, la política, el radicalismo y aquello que le diría hoy a Don Arturo.
Es periodista y también el nieto de Arturo Illia, a quien no conoció en vida pero del que no se cansa de hablar con un orgullo que le infla el pecho. En un nuevo aniversario del golpe cívico-militar que sacó a su abuelo de la Casa Rosada, Leandro dialogó con Telam sobre el legado familiar, la política, el radicalismo y aquello que le diría hoy a Don Arturo.
Si bien Leandro no llegó a conocer a “Don Arturo”, nació tres años después de que este falleciera en Córdoba en enero de 1983, su presencia fue casi física. “En mi casa se desayunaba, se almorzaba y se cenaba hablando de política. Desde muy chico yo ya sabía quién era Arturo. No sólo Alfonsín sino un montón de gente se acercaba a hablarme de mi abuelo y de lo que había representado”.
En aquel entonces Arturo Illia ya era una referencia histórica del radicalismo y su apellido, sinónimo de honestidad y austeridad. Había nacido en Pergamino, provincia de Buenos Aires, el 4 de agosto de 1900, se había recibido de médico en Buenos Aires y se había radicado en Cruz del Eje, Córdoba, donde ejerció la medicina con especial atención de los más necesitados.
Leandro recuerda que “peronistas, socialistas, obviamente los radicales, y gente incluso ajena a la política, siempre se refirieron a mi abuelo de una manera positiva, con mucho amor y respeto. Por eso creo que lo mejor que nos dejó Arturo fue el apellido y el legado de que hay que cuidarlo”.
Arturo Illia llegó a la política al calor de las movilizaciones de 1918 en pos de la reforma universitaria, que bregaba por una Universidad pública, cogobernada y democrática. Las influencias ideológicas llegarían a través de su padre, también militante radical, y del sector que en la Unión Cívica Radical se identificaba con Hipólito Yirgoyen y Amadeo Sabattini.
“Creo que mi abuelo -asegura Leandro- representó la forma en que todos queremos ver a la Argentina. Fue una persona que, además de la honestidad y la transparencia, se convirtió en un estadista con todas las letras. Le dedicó su vida al pueblo argentino”.
Illia llegó a la Presidencia de la Nación después de ser diputado nacional, vicegobernador de Córdoba y gobernador electo también de esa provincia, cargo que no llegó a asumir debido al Golpe de Estado que derrocó a Arturo Frondizi en marzo de 1962.
Poco más de un año después, el 12 de octubre de 1963, Arturo Illia asumía la Presidencia de la Nación. Su llegada a la Casa Rosada estuvo signada por la proscripción del peronismo y el exilio de Juan Domingo Perón. La Unión Cívica Radical del Pueblo, que lo postulaba, obtuvo el 25,14% de los sufragios. Los votos en blanco y nulos, que expresan el repudio a la censura del peronismo, alcanzaron un histórico 21,20%.
“No es fácil ser presidente. No es fácil estar en el mundo de la política. Hay que dejar muchas cosas de lado. Arturo fue una persona que dio todo por el Pueblo argentino, por la Patria y por el prójimo, lo que también implica dejar un poco de lado todo, incluso a la familia”, asegura Leandro.
Entre los hitos que marcaron la presidencia de Illia pueden contabilizarse el crecimiento de la resistencia peronista (el peronismo proscripto se las ingeniaría para ganar las elecciones legislativas de 1965); la anulación a través de dos decretos presidenciales de los controvertidos contratos petroleros firmados por Frondizi en beneficio del capital extranjero; y sanción de la ley de medicamentos (16.462), que ponía coto al lucro indiscriminado de los laboratorios en perjuicio de salud pública.
“Destacado por un escrupuloso respeto a las libertades públicas, cierto reformismo social y una vocación económica nacionalista, enfrentó numerosos problemas a poco de asumir: plan de luchas sindicales, conspiraciones del establishement y amenazas militares. Pero antes de cumplir los tres años de gobierno, contaba con escaso apoyo popular y político, y sería derrocado”, resume el historiador Felipe Pigna.
El 28 de junio de 1966 Arturo Illia fue depuesto por un golpe cívico-militar que instauró la dictadura de Juan Carlos Onganía. Cuando a las cinco de la mañana de aquel día el general Julio Alsogaray irrumpió en el despacho presidencial para amenazar al entonces presidente y exigirle que se vaya, este le dijo: “Ustedes no tienen nada que ver con el Ejército de San Martín y de Belgrano, le han causado muchos males a la Patria y se los seguirán causando con estos actos”. Era cierto. Pero era el fin.
“A mi me gusta mucho la política. Es imposible que no te guste algo que mamás de chico”, asegura Leandro, y agrega: “Ahora me está picando un poco más el bicho, pero antes me fui para otro lado, para el periodismo deportivo, de la televisión, de los medios. En algún momento uno puede llegar a pensar qué puede ser lo mejor. Pero para eso hay que formarse, estudiar, para eventualmente ocupar un cargo”.
Y piensa en la historia de su abuelo. Y en la de su padre. Y en la de la Argentina atravesada por los golpes cívico-militares. Y en la del país donde la política por momento es utilizada como una mala palabra. “Me parece que política es una palabra que hay que reivindicar -destaca-, porque no es toda mala. Si se hace el bien para que la gente pueda progresar, bienvenida sea”
Leandro no puede evitar a la Unión Cívica Radical (UCR), partido al que se siente unido por su familia pero también por las convicciones. “La actualidad del partido no me gusta”, enfatiza. ”Desde la Convención de Gualeyguaychú (en 2015, cuando se aprueba la alianza con el PRO) no me siento identificado. No puedo creer que el partido más importante de la Argentina no tenga candidatos propios y sea furgón de cola de otro”.
A Leandro le hubiese gustado conocer a su abuelo. Hacer todas esas cosas que se hacen cuando se lo tiene. Conversar, escucharlo contar historias, compartir dudas, temores, alguna que otra certeza.
“A Don Arturo -confiesa- le preguntaría qué le pasó al partido en estos últimos años, cómo puede el radicalismo salir adelante. Y también le hablaría de la familia. Le preguntaría si se siente orgulloso de los hijos que tiene, porque yo estoy orgulloso de mi papá, que es un modelo a seguir”.
“Mi abuelo representó la forma en que todos queremos ver a la Argentina”
“Y hablaría de la vida. Tampoco sé si le hablaría mucho yo, creo que me sentaría a su lado a tomar unos mates y a aprender. Lamento muchísimo no poder hacerlo, porque me hubiese encantado aprender de él, tratar de seguir su ejemplo, algo que intento siempre. Sí: sentarme, tomar unos mates y que hable de lo que quiera. Y yo al lado suyo, escuchándolo”, destaca.
Entre mates imaginarios y reales, Leandro se prepara para la próxima nota. Esta vez, una que va a hacer él. Recuperando la palabra, poniéndola en valor, cuidándola tanto como a su propio apellido.
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